"Jewish" court Is it a stacked deck Or a fox in hen house

 

MANAGEMENT OF CONGREGATION KESHER ISRAEL in Washington are trying to take their recently removed rabbi to court to evict him from a congregation-owned property.

According to Wikipedia, the rabbi, Barry Freundel, was also until recently a member of the Rabbinical Council of America (RCA) and was vice president of the Vaad of Greater Washington. R. Freundel also was one of the few U.S. rabbis acceptable to the Israeli rabbinute.

RCA suspended Freundel in October, 2014.

The congregation and the rabbi - who to date has neither been tried nor found guilty of the voyeurism misdemeanor crime with which he has been charged by Washington's Metropolitan Police - have an agreement that any disputes between the congregation and the rabbi would be settled by the Beth Din of America.

Will the judges be fair?

According to Times of Israel. the Beth Din of America is a function of the Rabbinical Council of America (RCA), an organization to which the rabbi was a long-time member.

In a related action "Freundel-related lawsuit adds RCA as defendant," the JTA reports that A lawsuit arising out of allegations of voyeurism at a Washington D.C. ritual bath added the Rabbinical Council of America as a defendant.

The lawsuit, filed earlier this month by a third-year student at Georgetown University’s law school, initially named as defendants Rabbi Barry Freundel’s Washington synagogue, Kesher Israel, the adjacent mikvah and her own law school for allowing Freundel’s alleged misdeeds to go unchecked.

At a press conference on Thursday, the law firm representing her — Silverman, Thompson, Slutkin and White — added the RCA as a defendant and added two additional plaintiffs in a class action, WJLA, the local ABC affiliate, reported.

One of the new plaintiffs approached Freundel in order to convert and who has written about her experiences with Freundel and the ostracism she has suffered since speaking out, according to the JTA article.

The JTA failed to specify if the additional actions were filed before the RCA's Beth Din of America or in a civil court.

 

R. Freundel is charged with voyeurism, a misdemeanor for allegedly filming women while they were undressing before immersing themselves in the National Capital Mikvah, an independent facility that Freundel was instrumental in founding in 2005.

Jews Israel's worst enemy

 

THREE ARTICLES on January 28 prove that Jews don't need enemies outside the flock; we have more than enough who claim to be Jews - some also Israelis.

Article #1: Goldberg: Bibi's Congress Speech was Israel's Idea

Article #2: Week After Tel Aviv Stabbing, Jew Smuggles Arabs Into Israel

Article #3: B’Tselem accuses IDF of violating laws of war in Gaza

From Article #1, author Jeffrey Goldberg penned an article that tears into Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu for his upcoming speech before Congress, which, he says, is a “desperate-seeming end-run around" US President Barack Obama.

The idea for delivering the speech without consulting the White House was “concocted” by Israel's US Ambassador Ron Dermer, he claims, despite the speech invitation coming from House Speaker John Boehner.

The article continues: “Obama administration officials have already felt disrespected by Netanyahu (recall his condescending, and public, Oval Office lecture to the president), and so this latest violation of protocol set their teeth on edge,” claimed Goldberg. “Barack Obama will be president for two more years, and it makes absolutely no sense for an Israeli leader to side so ostentatiously with a sitting American president’s domestic political opposition.”

Goldberg conveniently ignores the several snubs Netanyahu suffered from the Muslim president. He also ignores the reality that Israel, not the U.S., is Iran's primary target and likely will be the testing ground for any nuclear weapon Iran is allowed to develop - or buy from its equally crazy ally, North Korea.

He is correct that, unfortunately, Obama will remain in office for two more years - he may be better than the alternative, VP Biden - but at least he may be reigned (^cq) in by the Republican congress, which he already is antagonizing with veto threats.

Article #2 documents the absolute stupidity of some Israelis as it describes a haredi man who tried - and fortunately failed - to smuggle three PA residents into Israel.

The Israel National News (a/k/a Arutz 7) article leeds (^cq) off with There have been two high-profile stabbings in Tel Aviv in recent months committed by Arab residents of Judea and Samaria who illegally crossed the 1949 Armistice line - and yet a Jewish resident of a haredi suburb of the city on Tuesday was arrested bringing Arab illegals into the Tel Aviv area in his car trunk.

A 32-year-old Jewish resident of Bnei Brak, a haredi suburb of Tel Aviv, was arrested on Tuesday evening at a security point in Samaria on Highway 5.

The article also notes that There is a long history of similar attempts to smuggle in Arab illegals.

In October 2014, an Israeli woman was arrested while trying to smuggle three Arab illegals past the 1949 Armistice line in her car, along with a stash of drugs. At a checkpoint one of the three was found hiding under a blanket in the backseat, and the other two hiding in the trunk.

In May 2014, a Tel Aviv woman was arrested trying to smuggle in two Arab men, while riding in a car with her three daughters.

The article adds that November 2014 an Arab terrorist who had entered Israel illegally and stabbed to death an Israeli soldier; a year before that, a 16-year-old Arab terrorist stabbed another soldier to death,

PA Arabs are allowed into Israel after being vetted, so this is not a case of closing the border to all PA residents.

Finally, Article #3: B’Tselem, an Israeli human rights organization accused the Israeli government and the military on Wednesday of violating international humanitarian law during last summer’s war against Hamas, by allegedly adopting a deliberate policy of launching air strikes on homes and other civilian buildings in Gaza — strikes that resulted in the deaths of hundreds of civilians.

A hallmark of the fighting in Gaza this summer was the numerous strikes on residential buildings, destroying them while their occupants were still inside,” a 49-page report by B’Tselem read.

It acknowledged that Hamas and other Palestinian terror operatives had fired at Israeli civilians from within civilian-populated areas, and frequently did their utmost to entrench themselves within the Palestinian civilian population. Yet even in such a situation, the organization argued, Israel is obliged to abide by international norms, “because violations of international humanitarian law by one party do not grant the other party permission to breach them as well.”

Frankly, I always am confused by the term "rules of war" especially when they are applied to one side and not the other. The U.S. failed to observe "rules of war" when it decimated the indigenous population; the nazis and Japanese failed to obey the "rules of war"; Hamas and its Islamist look-alikes only apply the "rules of war" to their enemies; they don't practice the " international humanitarian law" so loved by B’Tselem.

As long the combatants fight by different "rules," where one has it's figurative hand tied behind its back, then "rules of war" are just so much hot air; useless words. In order to defeat an enemy it must be fought on the enemy's terms. To defeat Hamas, et al, we must think and act as Hamas thinks and acts.

Israel could, Israel should do that, but the Left in the U.S., Europe, and, sadly the Ashkenazi Left in Israel, prevent Israel's full self defense.

Kosher vs. Kosher All Bourbons are kosher Except those that are not

 

Irish, scotch and Canadian whisk(e)ys have been examined as to how they are matured/aged.
Standard caveat: I am not a rabbi and I don't play one on tv.

This time the subject is American Bourbon whiskey.

A brief overview of "whiskey." All "sour mash" is Bourbon, but all Bourbon is not sour mash. All Bourbons are whiskeys, but not all whiskeys are Bourbon.

Bourbon or not Bourbon

Although most Bourbons are technically kosher, there are a few that fail to meet the strictest kashrut standards.
According to the cRc: In general, bourbon does not require kosher certification. Two exceptions are:

1. Some have begun adding flavors and/or aging the liquor in a wine cask. Such items would not be acceptable without certification, and consumers can determine if a given liquor has this issue by carefully reading the bottle's label
2. Some bourbon companies are owned by Jews who don't sell their hametz; those brands are not recommended.

The cRc site then lists 11 products as "not recommended; most in this category are "flavored" drinks.
Star-K states that unflavored Bourbon, rye, Tennessee, and all American whiskeys are acceptable without certification" but continues "excluding the brands listed on Page 2" - a rather lengthy list
Two products I can identify that are absent from both the cRc and Star-K lists are

LI>Angels Envy Bourbon Whiskey (Lincoln Henderson distillery) - port wine casks
1. Parker’s Heritage Collection (Heaven Hill) - Limousin Oak Cognac barrels

According to the U.S. Government, "neither coloring nor flavoring may be added and Bourbon must be aged in new, charred oak barrels." Go to the end of this entry for the legal definition of Bourbon. Flavors are one reason pseudo-Bourbons are absent from my list.

Considerations

AGE All of the Bourbons on the included table are aged at at least eight (8) years; many longer - the table lists at least six (6) products aged for 20 years or more.

The majority of Bourbons commonly found on store shelves today are aged three (3) or four (4) years. Legally, distillers can sell a "Bourbon" at three months. But most opt for at least three (3) years.

Does the length of the aging process make a difference? It should impact both taste and color since it is influenced by the barrel in which it matures.

PRICE Price is not always an indicator of a Bourbon that satisfies your palate. No straight Bourbon is inexpensive - a blend might be cheaper - and some Bourbons can be pricy. Michter Distillery's Celebration Sour Mash goes for US$3,367 - correct, three thousand three hundred sixty-seven US dollars - according to the Wine Searcher web site. Buffalo Trace's Pappy Van Winkle's Family Reserve 23 Year Old Kentucky Straight Bourbon Whiskey, which lists for a paltry $3 grand, has a top price of US$12,000.

Both are on the list below, but it must be understood the list is NOT "all inclusive."

At the "low end," it's usually possible to find a 750 mL bottle of straight (not blended) Bourbon for (never "under" but) less than US$12 (at a local Total Wine & more store).

Blends vs. Blends With the exception of single barrel whiskies, all Bourbons are technically "blends." The Bourbons in the table below are straight whiskies; that is, they are blended of products from the same distillery. Blended whiskeys, such as Four Roses are blends and may include products from different distilleries. (See the U.S. government definition of "blends" at http://www.ttb.gov/spirits/bam/chapter4.pdf)

IF YOUR FAVORITE PRODUCT is missing from the list, contact the distillery. As with all things, this, too, is subject to change./I>

 

Legal requirements

On May 4, 1964, the United States Congress recognized Bourbon Whiskey as a "distinctive product of the United States." The Federal Standards of Identity for Distilled Spirits (27 C.F.R. 5.22) state that bourbon must meet these requirements:

LI>Bourbon must be made of a grain mixture that is at least 51% corn (maize)
• Bourbon must be distilled to no more than 160 (U.S.)proof (80% alcohol by volume)
• Neither coloring nor flavoring may be added
• Bourbon must be aged in new, charred oak barrels
• Bourbon must be entered into the barrel at no more than 125 proof (62.5% alcohol by volume)
• Bourbon, like other whiskeys, must be bottled at not less than 80 proof (40% alcohol by volume.)
• Bourbon that meets the above requirements and has been aged for a minimum of two years may (but is not required to) be called Straight Bourbon.
• Straight Bourbon aged for a period less than four years must be labeled with the duration of its aging
• If an age is stated on the label, it must be the age of the youngest whiskey in the bottle
• Only whiskey produced in the United States can be called bourbon

In practice, almost all bourbons marketed today are made from more than two-thirds corn, have been aged at least four years, and do qualify as "straight bourbon"—with or without the "straight bourbon" label. The exceptions are inexpensive commodity brands of bourbon aged only three years and pre-mixed cocktails made with straight bourbon aged the minimum two years. However, a few small distilleries market bourbons aged for as little as three months.

Note: Only the products listed below have been checked by this scrivener.

Distillery	Brand	Age
Beam	Black	8 y/o
Buffalo Trace	Eagle Rare	10 y/o >
Buffalo Trace	Eagle Rare 17 y/o	17 y/o
Buffalo Trace	Geo. T. Stagg	15 y/o
Buffalo Trace	Old Charter	8 y/o
Buffalo Trace	Stagg Jr.	< 10 y/o
Buffalo Trace	Van Winkle	10 y/o
Buffalo Trace	Van Winkle	12 y/o
Buffalo Trace	Van Winkle	15 y/o
Buffalo Trace	Van Winkle	20 y/o
Buffalo Trace	Van Winkle	23 y/o
Buffalo Trace	W.L. Weller Special Reserve	12 y.o
Bulleit Frontier	Bulleit 10 Year	10 y/o
Heaven Hill	Elijah Craig 12	12 y/o
Heaven Hill	Elijah Craig 23	23 y/o
Heaven Hill	Henry McKenna	10 y/o
Heaven Hill	Henry McKenna Single Barrel	10 y/o
Knob Creek	Single Barrel Reserve, 120 Proof	9 y/o
Knob Creek	Small Batch 100 Proof	9 y/o
Michter’s Distillery	Celebration Sour Mash	20 y/o
Michter’s Distillery	Kentucky 10 y/o Straight Bourbon	10 y/o
Michter’s Distillery	Kentucky 20 y/o Straight Bourbon	20 y/o
Michter’s Distillery	Kentucky 25 y/o Straight Bourbon	25 y/o
Wild Turkey	Russell's Reserve 10	10 y/o
Wild Turkey	Russell's Reserve Single Barrel	8-9 y/o
Wild Turkey	Wild Turkey 12	12 y/o
Wild Turkey	Wild Turkey 13	13 y/o
Wild Turkey	Wild Turkey 8	8 y/o
Willett	Web site not active	n/a
Multi-brand pages	n/a	n/a
Bourbon Enthusiast	n/a	n/a
Bourbon Brands	n/a	n/a

Kosher vs. Kosher Canadian whiskeys That could be kosher

 

We blogged about scotch whiskies at Kosher vs. Kosher: Scotch for a makpeed, several times in fact, and about Irish whiskies at Kosher vs. Kosher: Irish whiskey "By the barrel". We also have a blog entry for good, ol' Made-in-America Bourbon

Now it's time to look at Canadian whisky. (As with scotch, no "e" in "whisky.")

Standard caveat: I am not a rabbi nor do I play one on tv. My primary criterion is the cask in which the whisky is aged/matured. My personal level of kashrut is that to be acceptable, the aging must be in either former American Bourbon barrels or virgin casks; whiskey aged in former wine casks is not acceptable in my glasses.

There are a number of brands on the market. (A table follows.) I sent emails or web mails to each of the distilleries that provided that access, asking each:

Which (distillery or brand name) labels are aged/matured SOLELY in either virgin oak casks or former Bourbon barrels; in other words, which of any Which (distillery or brand name) labels are NOT at any time aged in former wine casks?

Within the hour

Actually, in less than an hour after asking the question, I had two (2) responses.

The first to arrive in my inbox was from Greg Lipin of the North of 7 distillery. Mr. Lipin noted that All our whisky is aged in new oak barrels. Our rum is aged in oak barrels but these barrels are reused up to 9 times.

A moment later, an email from Barry Bernstein, a partner with Barry Stein in the Still Waters Distillery that produces the Stalk & Barrel whiskies and brandy. According to Mr. Bernstein, Nearly all our single cask offerings (rye and single malt) are aged solely in ex-bourbon. There are a very few exceptions. You can get details on all our casks at www.stillwatersdistillery.com/barrels.php. If you select “list” from the left side of the screen and then click on a cask, you can find all the information there. I randomly checked several and all were matured either in first-fill ex-Bourbon or new oak. The exceptions to the Bourbon or oak casks were the brandies that are aged in ex-wine casks. (No,. I don't know who is who in the photo lifted from the company website.)

It turns out there are many distilleries north of the border; many - most - are micro, "craft," or boutique ("boutique" for a distillery?) distilleries that have limited production and often the products are available only in Canada. This is especially true in the western provinces.

There are a few "names" in the Canadian whisky business:

• Constellation Brands Spirits (Black Velvet)
  

• Diageo (Crown Royal, Seagram's 7 Crown and VO)
  

• Gruppo Campari (Forty Creek)
  

• Pernod Ricard SA (Canadian Club, a/k/a "CC")
  

• Sazerac with a long list of labels

Mature whiskey

Canadian whisky, along with Bourbon, scotch, and Irish must "mature" - age - for at least three years. Unless a whisk(e)y states an age, assume that before the candles on the cake burn out, the three-year-old liquid will be in a bottle. There are a few whiskies older than three years, but, as with American Bourbon and sour mash, they are both hard to find and may require the house to be mortgaged.

One whisky, Urban Single Malt Whisky has an unusual approach to aging its product: It includes a piece of barrel in the bottle. According to the distiller, This unique all natural Single Malt Whisky is bottled with part of a cask (French oak barrel) at the families Okanagan Valley distillery in Kelowna, British Columbia. The cask gives the whisky a distinctive taste now but also allows the whisky to continue ageing; each additional week after the bottled date adds approximately six months to the ageing process.

What the agencies hold

cRc: Unflavored Canadian Whisky is acceptable unless aged in wine cask or known to contain on-kosher ingredients

Star-K: The only approved Canadians are Canadian Club, and Crown Royal.

Scroll K lists more NOT approved than approved.

OU does not list any Canadian whiskies.

Bottom Line

Aging methods, as with most things, are subject to change. If you have any doubts about a product's potential to be kosher (see "What agencies hold," above) contact the distillery. In most cases you will get an answer within a few days.

Product ##	Distillery	Barrel/Cask	Source
North of 7	North of 7	Bourbon	Email
White Dog	North of 7	Bourbon	Email
Stalk & Barrel (1)	Still Waters	Bourbon	Email
White Owl (all)	Highwood Distillers	Bourbon	Email
Last Mountain	Last Mountain	Bourbon	Email
Strait Whisky	Myriad View Distillery	Bourbon	Email
Lucky Bastard (2)	Lucky Bastard Distillery	Bourbon	Email
Shelter Point (5)	Shelter Point	Bourbon	Email
Canadian Club (3)	Beam,	Bourbon	Web
Crown Royal (4)	Diageo	Bourbon	Email
Canadian Mist	Canadian Mist	Whiskey	Web
Canadian Rums	Distillery	Barrel/Cask	Source
Leatherback Rum	North of 7	New oak	Web
Strait Rum 40%	Myriad View Distillery	Bourbon	Web
Strait Rum 57.1%	Myriad View Distillery	Bourbon	Web

(1) Except brandies (per web site)
(2) Not yet released (per email)
(3) Except Sherry Cask (per web site)
(4) Canadian Club: All except Canadian Club Sherry Cask (per emails)
(5) Aged in former Jack Daniels barrels (per email)

We were not alone Our PR mistakes

 

HE'S CORRECT, BUT . . .

Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman said that Europe's reaction to last week's Islamic terrorist attacks in Paris, downplayed the anti-Semitic nature of them.

"In the world and in Europe, most of the discussion was about freedom of expression, extremism and Islamophobia," Lieberman said. "But the Jewish and anti-Semitic aspects were hardly mentioned and this is particularly grave."

HIS VIEWPOINT HAS BLINDERS

It's not just us

We made the same mistake after World War Two by claiming the Shoah was strictly a Jewish issue.

Almost no one argues that some 6 million Jews were slaughtered simply because they were Jews or had at least one Jewish grandparent.

But the nazis (the name does not deserve capitalization) almost completely wiped out the Roma - gypsies. The regime also murdered those who were physically or mentally deficient. Communists and Socialists, other than their own brand of socialist - were murdered.

Then there were the civilians who died when their towns and cities were attacked by German troops or rockets.

We don't "own:" the Shoah and it is our mistake to even suggest that we were the nazi's only victims.

Islamists against everyone

It's not just Jews the Islamists was to eliminate, although except for right-wing Israeli Jews we generally make a compliant target.

It is anyone who might object to sharia law or a caliphate controlling their lives.

When the nazis came for the Jews, I didn't speak up because I was not a Jew.

When the nazis came for the gypsies, I didn't speak up because I was not a gypsy.

When the nazis came for the Communists, I didn't speak up because I was not a Communist.

Then the nazis came for me and there was no one to speak up for me.

The Islamists are today's nazis.

"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it" - Jorge Agustín Nicolás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás in Reason in Common Sense, p. 284, volume 1 of The Life of Reason

Just as we - Jews - claimed ownership of the Shoah, casting aside the 6 million "others" as not worth counting, Lieberman is casting aside all the non-Jews slaughtered by the Islamists in France and the non-Jewish girls captured, raped, and sold into slavery by Boko Haram, or even Muslim girls and men who fail to adopt extremism.

By claiming every Islamist attack is anti-Semitic or anti-Israel we give "the world" a warm fuzzy feeling that only we - Jews - are Islamists' targets and as long as we - Jews - are considered the Islamists' ONLY targets, all others are safe.

That's a lie.

No one was safe from the nazis.

No one is safe from the Islamists.

James Foley, an American journalist, was beheaded simply because he was an American. He was not Jewish.

Screen capture from ISIS video

We need to stop trying to own everything as "anti-Semitic" or "anti-Israel." It doesn't help our cause and, in many cases, it hinders it.

Paris Peace Parade OXYMORON

Chief "Palestinian" terrorist, Abu Mazen, marches in front ranks of world leaders during Paris peace march. Note all other dignitaries in the front row represent real countries.

While Shiite "Peace Brigade" members march in Basra Iran

A Shiite "Peace Brigade" show of force before a billboard image of their always promoting peace in the world leader.

Meanwhile, in Occupied Israel

While terrorist Abu Mazen pretends to support peace in Paris, Fatah terrorists march in Occupied Israel (a/k/a "West Bank"). Apparently if you can't hide your face you can't carry a gun.

Click on an image to enlarge.

Religion &/vs. Politics The many faces Of Aryeh Deri

 

HOW MANY FACES will Aryeh Deri show Israel?

    Aryeh Deri the criminal.

    Aryeh Deri the sacrificial lamb.

    Aryeh Deri the reluctant leader.

ONE THING DERI IS NOT is modest. According to a Times of Israel article headlined Shas head Deri tells supporters: Your cries have reached me Deri told a follower who contacted him by phone - the call was broadcast for all to hear - that Your cries reach all the way to the north,” he said. “I love you, and I promise you one thing, my brothers. I have not forgotten what the Maran [Shas’s late spiritual leader Ovadia Yosef] told me in the hospital before he died. He held my hands, cried, and said to me, ‘Aryeh, I am asking you, promise me two things: To continue to care for my sons, the precious poor, and that heaven and Judaism will be loved even more.”

Unless I suddenly don't know how to read - and admittedly I did not hear either Deri's or Yosef's words - I don't see where the late Shas figurehead had anything to say to or about Deri other than he was "evil," and that is from a leaked exchange between the rabbi and one of his followers.

A Wikipedia entry notes that

Since 1999, several of Shas's MKs, including Aryeh Deri, Rafael Pinhasi, Yair Levy, Ofer Hugi, and Yair Peretz have been convicted of offences including fraud and forgery. In addition, elected MK Shlomo Benizri was convicted of bribery, conspiring to commit a crime and obstruction of justice on 1 April 2008. Benizri subsequently resigned and Mazor Bahaina, number thirteen on the Shas list, replaced him.

The party was mired in scandal after the indictment and subsequent conviction and imprisonment of its former party leader, Aryeh Deri, on corruption charges in 1999. While Yosef distanced the party from Deri and installed Yishai as the new party head, many Shas voters saw Deri as the victim of a discriminatory political witch-hunt and continue to support him.

According to one web site: : Former Shas Party leader Aryeh Deri was convicted Wednesday by the Jerusalem Magistrate's Court on one of the five charges brought against him in a public wrongdoing trial where he was accused of corruption and conflict of interest.

Deri has already served a three-year sentence on criminal charges after being convicted of accepting bribes from close aides.

The current case had to do with five counts of fraud and breach of trust for actions he committed as Interior Ministry director-general from 1996 to 1998 and as interior minister from 1988 to 1993.

OK, there are those who will criticize this scrivener for daring to repeat what has been all over the Israeli press and most Jewish media outside of Israel.

Why pick on poor Deri when other Israeli politicians - and the list is embarrassingly long - also have been involved in scandals, court dates, and incarceration for a few.

Because, simply, Deri wants to - and will if Shas' Council of Torah Sages has its way - lead Shas, ostensibly a party representing observant Sefardi Jews.

The one politician who could have led Shas, Eli Yishai, bailed and formed his own political party.

The whole mess played out on Israeli Channel 2 when someone - Deri accuses Yishai - of dishonoring R. Yosef by "leaking" negative comments R. Yosef made about Deri. How that dishonors the late R. Yosef is beyond my ken.

According to the Wikipedia entry for Deri:

On the 28th of December 2014, Channel 2 released video footage in which the founder of Shas, Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, can be seen harshly attacking Deri. Yosef called Deri a wicked man and a thief. He accuses him of being an too independent too follow any authority. The release of these tapes has been referred to as the Doomsday Weapon against Deri. That same day Deri handed a resignation letter to the rabbinical board of Shas who refused to accept it. On the following day, December 29, Deri presented his resignation to the Parliaments' chairman Yuli-Yoel Edelstein

You can read more about the remarks at the following URLs:

Jewish Press: http://www.jewishpress.com/tag/aryeh-deri/

Jerusalem Post: http://tinyurl.com/o2e3b6a